ASVAB · Force and Motion

An object weighing 100 lbs is sitting on a frictionless inclined plane that makes a 30° angle with the horizontal. What force, applied parallel to the incline, is needed to keep the object from sliding down?

Correct answer

50 lbs

  1. A 200 lbs
  2. B 100 lbs
  3. C 50 lbs
  4. D 0 lbs

Why this is the answer

On a frictionless incline, the component of weight parallel to the incline pulls the object downward along the slope. This component = W × sin(θ), where W = weight and θ = incline angle. For 100 lbs at 30°: parallel force = 100 × sin(30°) = 100 × 0.5 = 50 lbs. To prevent sliding, an equal opposing force is needed (50 lbs up the incline). Incline plane physics: (1) FORCE PARALLEL to incline (driving sliding) = W × sin(θ); (2) FORCE PERPENDICULAR to incline (pressing into surface) = W × cos(θ). At 0° (flat ground): sin=0, parallel force=0, no sliding tendency; perpendicular = full weight. At 90° (vertical): sin=1, parallel = full weight (object in free fall); perpendicular = 0. Common angles to memorize: sin(30°)=0.5, sin(45°)≈0.707, sin(60°)≈0.866, sin(90°)=1; cos same values in reverse order. Inclined plane is a simple machine: mechanical advantage = length of incline / height = 1/sin(θ). A 30° ramp has MA = 1/0.5 = 2 (half the force to lift the same load to the same height, but you push twice as far). Common ASVAB MC inclined plane questions: force to hold/lift on incline, MA of ramp, work done sliding up incline. With friction, additional force = friction coefficient × W × cos(θ).
Source: ASVAB MC, Inclined Planes

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About this topic: Force and Motion

Force and motion questions cover Newton's laws, friction, gravity, acceleration and momentum, usually as pictures of objects being pushed, pulled, dropped or balanced. Identify every force acting before deciding what the object will do. This is one of 13 Mechanical Comprehension questions on force and motion, each with a full explanation on a single study page.

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