CDL · Using Air Brakes

What is the proper way to make an emergency stop with non-ABS air brakes?

  1. A Press the pedal as hard as possible and hold
  2. B Use 'controlled braking' or 'stab braking' to prevent wheel lockup while applying maximum braking
  3. C Apply the parking brake as well
  4. D Pump the brakes rapidly

Why this is the answer

On a vehicle without ABS, emergency braking requires controlled technique to prevent wheels from locking. Two methods: 'Controlled braking' is steady firm pressure just below the lockup point; if a wheel locks, release the pedal briefly and reapply. 'Stab braking' is full application until lockup occurs, then release fully until wheels turn again (about one second), then full application again — repeating until stopped. Stab braking achieves shorter stopping distances on hard pavement but requires practice. On ABS-equipped vehicles, apply the brakes firmly and steadily; the ABS prevents lockup automatically and pumping or stabbing defeats it. Never apply the parking brake at speed — it can lock the rear wheels and cause a jackknife. Steering capability is preserved only when wheels are rolling, which is the goal of both controlled and stab braking.
Source: FMCSA CDL Manual 5.2.3 Emergency Stops

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