How many U.S. Senators are there?

There are 100 U.S. Senators — exactly 2 from each of the 50 states, regardless of state population. This equal representation in the Senate was a key compromise in the Constitution (the 'Great Compromise' or 'Connecticut Compromise') ensuring that smaller states would have equal voice in one chamber while the House of Representatives reflects population. Senators serve 6-year terms, with one-third of seats up for election every 2 years (staggered). Senators must be at least 30 years old and U.S. citizens for at least 9 years. The Senate has unique powers including ratifying treaties, confirming presidential appointments (Cabinet, judges, ambassadors), and conducting impeachment trials. 435 is the number of voting House members; 538 is the total electoral votes for president.