What is the formula for force according to Newton's Second Law?

Newton's Second Law: F = ma. Force = mass × acceleration. Units: Force in Newtons (N); mass in kilograms (kg); acceleration in meters per second squared (m/s²). 1 Newton = 1 kg·m/s² (the force needed to accelerate 1 kg at 1 m/s²). Other common physics formulas: (1) Weight = mg (mass × gravitational acceleration; g = 9.8 m/s² on Earth); weight is a force, mass is a quantity of matter; (2) Velocity = displacement/time; (3) Acceleration = change in velocity/time; (4) Kinetic energy = ½mv²; (5) Gravitational potential energy = mgh; (6) Work = force × distance (when in the same direction); (7) Power = work/time; (8) Momentum = mv; (9) Density = mass/volume; (10) Pressure = force/area. Solving F = ma problems: identify what's given (typically 2 of 3), solve for unknown. Example: a 2 kg object accelerates at 5 m/s²; force = 2 × 5 = 10 N. Example: a 50 N force on a 10 kg object; acceleration = 50/10 = 5 m/s². Net force: when multiple forces act, sum them as vectors; F = ma applies to the NET force.