Why is a 'smooth-bore' (unbaffled) tanker considered the most challenging to drive safely?

SMOOTH-BORE TANKS have no baffles, bulkheads, or internal divisions — just a single open cylindrical interior. Used for food-grade products (where baffles create sanitation challenges) and some chemical products (where materials can't contact baffles). SURGE CHARACTERISTICS: During braking, liquid surges forward with nothing to slow it — the full volume moving forward can significantly push the vehicle forward, dramatically extending stopping distances; during turns, liquid sloshes side-to-side with no restriction — maximum lateral force amplification, maximum rollover risk. DRIVING REQUIREMENT: The most conservative speeds and most gradual inputs of any CMV type. Many carriers require additional training and experience before assigning drivers to smooth-bore tanker routes.