NCLEX · Basic Care and Comfort

A client with urinary incontinence requests a urinary catheter for comfort. Which response by the nurse is MOST appropriate?

Correct answer

Explore non-catheter approaches first (toileting schedule, absorbent products, skin care); the risks of indwelling urinary catheters (CAUTI — catheter-associated urinary tract infection — is the most common hospital-acquired infection) must be weighed against benefits; catheters are indicated for specific clinical reasons, not convenience

  1. A Immediately insert an indwelling Foley catheter
  2. B Insert a catheter to prevent skin breakdown, no restrictions
  3. C Deny the request without explanation
  4. D Explore non-catheter approaches first (toileting schedule, absorbent products, skin care); the risks of indwelling urinary catheters (CAUTI — catheter-associated urinary tract infection — is the most common hospital-acquired infection) must be weighed against benefits; catheters are indicated for specific clinical reasons, not convenience

Why this is the answer

CATHETER-ASSOCIATED URINARY TRACT INFECTION (CAUTI) is the most common healthcare-associated infection (HAI) in hospitals. Every day an indwelling urinary catheter is in place increases infection risk by 3-7%. CAUTI PREVENTION is a major patient safety priority. APPROPRIATE INDICATIONS FOR INDWELLING URINARY CATHETERS: urinary retention that doesn't respond to other management; accurate I&O monitoring in critically ill clients; perioperative use for specific surgeries; wound healing in sacral/perineal wounds where urine would compromise healing; hospice/end-of-life comfort; urological procedures; neurogenic bladder (selected cases). NOT APPROPRIATE indications: incontinence for CONVENIENCE (of staff or client); prolonged post-operative use without clinical need; avoiding repositioning. ALTERNATIVES TO CATHETERIZATION FOR INCONTINENCE: SCHEDULED TOILETING (every 2-4 hours); PROMPTED VOIDING; BLADDER TRAINING; EXTERNAL CONDOM CATHETER (for male patients); ABSORBENT PADS/BRIEFS; SKIN PROTECTION (moisture barriers to prevent skin breakdown from moisture — valid concern but doesn't require catheter); PELVIC FLOOR EXERCISES (Kegel exercises, though less applicable in acute illness).

If catheter is genuinely indicated: use SMALLEST POSSIBLE CATHETER (less trauma); maintain CLOSED STERILE DRAINAGE SYSTEM; keep urine drainage bag BELOW BLADDER LEVEL (prevents reflux); empty bag when 2/3 full; assess daily for continued need; REMOVE AS SOON AS POSSIBLE (each additional day increases risk).

Cauti signs: fever without other source, suprapubic tenderness, cloudy or foul-smelling urine (though these alone don't diagnose CAUTI), burning urination when catheter is removed.

Source: NCLEX-PN Test Plan: Physiological — Basic Care, Urinary Catheterization

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About this topic: Basic Care and Comfort

Basic care and comfort questions cover hygiene, mobility and positioning, nutrition and hydration, elimination, sleep, and non-pharmacological comfort measures — the daily care an LPN/LVN provides. This is one of 16 PN: Physiological Integrity questions on basic care and comfort, each with a full explanation on a single study page.

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