NCLEX · Reduction of Risk Potential

A client returns from a thyroidectomy. During the first 24 hours, which assessment finding requires the MOST immediate response?

Correct answer

Positive Chvostek's sign (tapping the facial nerve causes facial twitching) — this indicates hypocalcaemia, which is a known complication of thyroid surgery when the parathyroid glands are inadvertently removed or traumatised; severe hypocalcaemia can cause tetany, laryngospasm, and cardiac dysrhythmias

  1. A Temperature of 99.2°F
  2. B Mild sore throat
  3. C Positive Chvostek's sign (tapping the facial nerve causes facial twitching) — this indicates hypocalcaemia, which is a known complication of thyroid surgery when the parathyroid glands are inadvertently removed or traumatised; severe hypocalcaemia can cause tetany, laryngospasm, and cardiac dysrhythmias
  4. D Slight hoarseness

Why this is the answer

Post-thyroidectomy complications:

Hypocalcaemia: Parathyroid glands (regulate calcium) may be inadvertently removed or devascularised during thyroid surgery.

Earliest signs: Perioral tingling, finger and toe numbness/tingling; CHVOSTEK'S SIGN: Tap the facial nerve at the cheek — positive if facial muscles twitch (abnormal); TROUSSEAU'S SIGN: Blood pressure cuff inflated above systolic — positive if carpopedal spasm occurs.

Progression: Muscle cramps → tetany → laryngospasm (airway emergency) → seizures → cardiac dysrhythmias.

Nursing response: Notify RN immediately; anticipate: serum calcium level; IV calcium gluconate at bedside; cardiac monitoring.

Additional post-thyroid monitoring: Airway patency (haematoma can compress the trachea); hoarseness (recurrent laryngeal nerve injury — if worsening, notify); thyroid storm (rare — fever, tachycardia, hypertension, agitation).

Nursing scope: Assess for all post-op complications; be prepared for airway emergency (tracheotomy tray at bedside for first 24 hrs per facility protocol).

Source: NCLEX-PN Physiological — Post-Thyroidectomy Complications, Hypocalcaemia

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About this topic: Reduction of Risk Potential

Reduction of risk potential questions cover vital signs, lab values, diagnostic tests, and the complications to anticipate after procedures and surgery — recognising early signs and knowing what to report. This is one of 16 PN: Physiological Integrity questions on reduction of risk potential, each with a full explanation on a single study page.

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