Which action by a nurse demonstrates appropriate use of the chain of command?

The chain of command is the hierarchical structure used to escalate clinical concerns when standard channels do not resolve them. Proper sequence: bring the concern to the immediate supervisor first (charge nurse), then to the nurse manager, then to higher administrative or medical authorities (nursing supervisor, attending physician, chief medical officer, ethics committee) as needed. The nurse should document each step and the response. Using the chain of command appropriately: addresses concerns about unsafe care without bypassing legitimate authority; protects the nurse who must justify their actions; ensures patient safety. The nurse is professionally and legally obligated to advocate for patient safety even when this means escalating against a physician's order. Refusing to speak to the physician or discussing concerns publicly are inappropriate.