A soldier must pack 156 rations into boxes that each hold 12 rations. How many full boxes can be packed, and how many rations are left over?

This is a division word problem. Divide 156 by 12: 12 × 13 = 156 exactly, so 156 ÷ 12 = 13 with no remainder. That means 13 full boxes can be packed with 0 rations left over. The key skill in arithmetic reasoning is translating words into the correct operation — 'pack into boxes that each hold' signals division, and the remainder tells you the leftover amount. Always check by multiplying the quotient back by the divisor (13 × 12 = 156) to confirm. Here the division comes out even, so the answer is 13 boxes with nothing left over.