A condition caused by an infestation of head lice is known as:

Pediculosis capitis is the technical term for an infestation of the scalp/hair with head lice. It is contagious and spreads through direct contact or shared items like combs, brushes, and hats. A cosmetologist who detects head lice should not perform the service and should refer the client appropriately, while ensuring tools and surfaces are properly cleaned and disinfected (or single-use items discarded). Recognizing common scalp conditions — and knowing which ones contraindicate service — is important hair-and-scalp science on the exam.