NCLEX · Basic Care and Comfort

A client with dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) is at risk for aspiration. Which nursing action is highest priority at mealtimes?

Correct answer

Position the client upright at 90 degrees and keep upright for at least 30 minutes after meals; ensure thin liquids are thickened as ordered; feed slowly with small bites; have suction available

  1. A Keep the bed flat during feeding
  2. B Position the client upright at 90 degrees and keep upright for at least 30 minutes after meals; ensure thin liquids are thickened as ordered; feed slowly with small bites; have suction available
  3. C Feed quickly to minimise choking time
  4. D Only provide liquid meals

Why this is the answer

ASPIRATION PRECAUTIONS: POSITIONING: 90° upright (not just slightly elevated) during and 30-45 min after meals — gravity assists swallowing and reduces reflux/aspiration risk; THICKENED LIQUIDS: Thin liquids are the most dangerous for dysphagia — thickening agents (nectar, honey, pudding consistency) as ordered by speech therapy; PACE: Small bites, allow full swallow before next bite, no rushing; SUCTION: Available at bedside in case of aspiration; MONITORING: Watch for coughing, choking, wet/gurgly voice quality after swallowing (sign of aspiration); SPEECH THERAPY: Dysphagia evaluation and specific dietary texture orders should be coordinated with SLP; PN SCOPE: Implement and monitor aspiration precautions; report changes to RN; do not independently modify diet consistency orders.
Source: NCLEX-PN Physiological — Aspiration Precautions, Dysphagia