NCLEX · Safety and Infection Control

Which infection control precautions are appropriate for a client with active tuberculosis (TB)?

Correct answer

Airborne precautions: private negative-pressure room, N95 respirator for staff, door kept closed, client wears surgical mask when leaving the room

  1. A Contact precautions: gown and gloves
  2. B Droplet precautions: surgical mask only
  3. C Standard precautions only
  4. D Airborne precautions: private negative-pressure room, N95 respirator for staff, door kept closed, client wears surgical mask when leaving the room

Why this is the answer

Transmission-based precautions for NCLEX-PN: (1) AIRBORNE — for organisms transmitted by very small droplet nuclei suspended in air: TB, measles, varicella (chickenpox), disseminated zoster, COVID-19 in high-risk procedures, SARS, MERS. Requires: private NEGATIVE-PRESSURE room with door closed, N95 respirator (fit-tested) for all staff entering, client wears surgical mask when transported. (2) DROPLET — for larger droplets traveling shorter distances: influenza, pertussis (whooping cough), mumps, rubella, meningococcal infections, group A strep. Requires: private room (or cohort), surgical mask within 3-6 feet, client wears surgical mask when transported. (3) CONTACT — for direct or indirect contact with skin/wounds/surfaces: C. difficile, MRSA, VRE, scabies, RSV, hepatitis A in diapered patients. Requires: gown and gloves on entry, dedicated equipment, hand hygiene with soap and water for C. diff (alcohol-based sanitizer doesn't kill C. diff spores). Standard precautions apply to ALL clients regardless of diagnosis: hand hygiene, gloves when contacting body fluids, mask/eye protection if splashing risk. Memorize the categories and which organisms fit each — heavily tested on NCLEX.
Source: NCSBN NCLEX-PN, Infection Control

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About this topic: Safety and Infection Control

Safety and infection control questions cover Standard and transmission-based precautions, hand hygiene, fall and injury prevention, restraints, fire safety and handling hazardous materials. This is one of 35 PN: Coordinated Care questions on safety and infection control, each with a full explanation on a single study page.

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