NCLEX · Safety and Infection Control

Which is the highest priority action when a fire is discovered in a healthcare facility?

Correct answer

Use the RACE acronym in order: Rescue clients in immediate danger, Alarm (pull fire alarm, notify staff), Contain (close doors and windows), Extinguish (only if small and safe to do so) or Evacuate

  1. A Lock all doors
  2. B Fight the fire personally
  3. C Use the RACE acronym in order: Rescue clients in immediate danger, Alarm (pull fire alarm, notify staff), Contain (close doors and windows), Extinguish (only if small and safe to do so) or Evacuate
  4. D Call 911 first

Why this is the answer

Fire safety in healthcare facilities uses the RACE acronym: R = RESCUE — clients in immediate danger first; move ambulatory clients first, then assistive clients, then non-ambulatory; A = ALARM — pull the nearest fire alarm, dial the facility emergency code, notify other staff; C = CONTAIN — close doors and windows to contain fire and smoke (a closed door significantly slows fire spread); E = EXTINGUISH (if small and safe) using the PASS technique for fire extinguishers, OR EVACUATE if fire is too large. PASS for fire extinguishers: P = Pull the pin, A = Aim at the base of the fire, S = Squeeze the handle, S = Sweep side to side. Extinguisher types: Class A (ordinary combustibles - paper, wood), Class B (flammable liquids - oil, gas), Class C (electrical), Class D (combustible metals), Class K (kitchen - cooking oils/fats); ABC extinguishers are most common in hospitals. Evacuation priority: ambulatory first (they can move themselves), wheelchair/assisted next, bedridden last (using sheets/blankets to slide them, evacuation chairs). Horizontal evacuation (to next fire compartment) before vertical (down stairs). Never use elevators during a fire.
Source: NCSBN NCLEX-PN, Fire Safety

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About this topic: Safety and Infection Control

Safety and infection control questions cover Standard and transmission-based precautions, hand hygiene, fall and injury prevention, restraints, fire safety and handling hazardous materials. This is one of 35 PN: Coordinated Care questions on safety and infection control, each with a full explanation on a single study page.

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